Intelligent portfolios - I recently enrolled a Roth IRA on Intelligent Management Portfolio, the standard one, not the premium. I plan to leave it enabled on that account for a year or so, and see how it goes. In case I change my mind, and decide to re-gain full control (stop using the robot-advisor) after that time, what are the steps for doing so?

 
Intelligent Portfolios บริการบริหารพอร์ตการลงทุนอัจฉริยะด้านเทคโนโลยีผสานกับ .... Prettyboyfredo

Schwab Intelligent Portfolios provides a top robo-advisor experience that should be a good fit for many investors. The basic plan comes with no management fee and a low-cost portfolio, plus you ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios are designed to be low cost and range in weighted average annual ETF Operating Expense Ratios (OERs) at the portfolio level from 0.02% to 0.19%. Since Schwab Intelligent Portfolios charges no advisory fees, trading commissions or account service fees, considering OERs are an important part of keeping costs low for ...Alpha Bluechip is an unconstrained, concentrated portfolio of best-in-class companies across different sectors and market capitalizations. A high quality growth portfolio which intends to generate superior risk adjusted returns. An intelligent portfolio of 12 Nifty Stocks dynamically created by a combination of fundamental screening and a quant ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is ideal for cost-conscious investors who meet the $5,000 minimum investment threshold. If you fall into this category, you can significantly benefit from the savings of completely avoiding a management fee. There’s also a lot to say for investing with an established firm like Charles Schwab.Discover how Institutional Intelligent Portfolios can help you offer automated investment management to your clients with Schwab Brokerage.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, however, requires a $5,000 minimum investment to open an account ($25,000 for a premium account), which puts it out of reach for some.Aug 1, 2022 ... Re: Schwab Intelligent Portfolios: Static vs. Dynamic Targets ... Based on my experience, they don't adjust the overall stock/bond/cash allocation ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios has all the characteristics of an ideal robo-advisor: The company has a strong reputation, its portfolios feature low-cost ETFs and offers all this with an...Description. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios offers you a choice among three investment strategies: Global, U.S. Focused and Income Focused. Each strategy helps provide access to a well-diversified portfolio of stocks, fixed income, commodities and cash based on your investment goal, time horizon and comfort level with risk.For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium, there is an initial planning fee of $300 upon enrollment and a $30 per month advisory fee charged on a quarterly basis as detailed in the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions™ disclosure brochures. Investors in Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium (collectively ...In the digital age, having a strong online presence is crucial for professionals in various fields. Whether you are an artist, designer, photographer, or writer, showcasing your wo...I use the intelligent portfolios for my retirement accounts. for money that's important. It basically tracks between the SP500 and the Russell 2000. For my main accounts I'm doing YOLO calls on Palantir so it's probably good that the robot is wiser than I am. There's no monthly fee for the intelligent portfolios.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios has a solid array of more than 50 ETFs over 30 alternative classes. As you would expect from a company that has been in business for as long as they have, they have a great reach, some of the options are emerging markets, stocks, real estate investment trusts, bonds, and commodities. ...Asset allocation. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios can help you figure out the right assets to align with your investing goals. 3. Diversify your portfolio. Get a diversified ETF portfolio—across up to 20 asset classes—that's appropriate for your stated goals, risk profile and time horizon. 4. Rebalance periodically.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ® provides you with a convenient way to invest and save for an investment goal. The goal can be to accumulate savings, or to take distributions for an income need. In order to reach a goal, a plan with clear, concrete, and trackable steps helps in almost any area of life.Login - Schwab Intelligent Portfolios | Charles Schwab.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios also has a good reputation and the same level of account security as Wealthfront. Users are also insured for $500,000 by the SIPC, and all cash held with Schwab is insured for up to $250,000 by the FDIC. 🏆 Winner – Wealthfront.With Intelligent Portfolios, Charles Schwab is going after the robo-advisor market hard. Well-known for its investor-friendly practices, Schwab brings this same spirit to robos, with features such ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ®, our custom-built robo advisor, is a simple and smart way to invest. Want to know more? Read How Automated Investing Works to uncover the principles and processes that power Schwab Intelligent Portfolios. Yes, send me in-depth information about Schwab Intelligent Portfolios.For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, Q1 brought a second-consecutive quarter of positive returns. Growth portfolios saw strong gains and were the top performers as stocks delivered solid returns for the quarter despite the volatility. Moderate portfolios saw moderate gains due to their balanced mix of stocks and bonds.Mar 22, 2015 ... Despite its name, SIPs isn't actually that intelligent. It offers one service: to “build, monitor and rebalance your portfolio,” and it doesn't ...For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, the pressure on both stocks and bonds resulted in negative returns in Q2, but diversification helped moderate overall portfolio declines. The second quarter of 2022 brought continued market volatility amid an economy in transition. For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, the pressure on both stocks and bonds ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios could be a great choice for investors evaluating robo-advisors on price alone. The basic account charges no annual …Asset allocation. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios can help you figure out the right assets to align with your investing goals. 3. Diversify your portfolio. Get a diversified ETF portfolio—across up to 20 asset classes—that's appropriate for your stated goals, risk profile and time horizon. 4. Rebalance periodically. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios will go toe-to-toe with anyone. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is automated investing where our robo-advisor builds, monitors, and automatically rebalances a diversified portfolio based on your goals. Plus, you can get started with as little as $5,000 to invest. Tooltip Tax-loss harvesting is available for clients ... Jennifer Aniston, the beloved actress and style icon, is not only known for her impressive acting career and timeless beauty but also for her stunning real estate portfolio. One of...Schwab Intelligent Income: A Tax-smart Withdrawal Strategy. Discover tax-smart withdrawal strategies using this powerful tool. Schwab Intelligent Income is designed to overcome common setbacks from conventional wisdom when it comes to retirement income. Learn about Schwab Intelligent Portfolios by reading our White Paper resources.“The higher the Sweep Allocation and the lower the interest rate paid the more Schwab Bank earns, thereby creating a potential conflict of interest. The cash allocation can affect both the risk profile and performance of a portfolio,” the case says, citing a February 2015 disclosure brochure for the Intelligent Portfolios program.Nov 17, 2021 ... Endowus offers intelligent portfolios, designed by experts, customised to you. You can now grow all your wealth like the world's smartest ...The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission headquarters in Washington. Charles Schwab agreed to pay $187 million to settle an SEC investigation into alleged hidden fees charged by the firm’s ...Are you looking to start a career as a virtual assistant but feel unsure about how to build a portfolio that will attract clients? As a beginner, it’s crucial to showcase your skil...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios provides diversified portfolios composed of low-cost exchange-traded funds (ETFs), handpicked by Charles Schwab Investment Advisors. These investment experts use their professional insight to pare down more than 2,000 ETFs to 53 from across 20+ expanded asset classes.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios charges no annual advisory fee, but potential customers should understand why. The platform has a significant cash allocation requirement, which may reduce your long ...Please read the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions disclosure brochures for important information, pricing, and disclosures relating to Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium programs. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios® and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium® are made available through Charles Schwab & Co. … Institutional Intelligent Portfolios® is a technology and service platform provided to your Investment Advisor by Schwab Performance Technologies (“SPT”) and used by your Investment Advisor to provide its clients with an automated investment management service. Jennifer Aniston, the beloved actress and style icon, is not only known for her impressive acting career and timeless beauty but also for her stunning real estate portfolio. One of...Portfolios gather information about a students own thoughts on their progress and provides them with an online platform to collect course work as well as general data related to a ...Asset allocation. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios can help you figure out the right assets to align with your investing goals. 3. Diversify your portfolio. Get a diversified ETF portfolio—across up to 20 asset classes—that's appropriate for your stated goals, risk profile and time horizon. 4. Rebalance periodically.I max out my Roth and contribute ~$500/month to my taxable account. I've got about 10% gain in that time. My portfolio (the second most aggressive they offer) is as follows: 84.5% Stocks. 5% Fixed Income. 3.25% Commodities. 7.25% Cash. If anyone has any questions about the Intelligent Portfolios I'd be happy to answer them. 3.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios also has a good reputation and the same level of account security as Wealthfront. Users are also insured for $500,000 by the SIPC, and all cash held with Schwab is insured for up to $250,000 by the FDIC. 🏆 Winner – Wealthfront.A reverse stock split, also known as a stock consolidation, stock merge, or share rollback, is when a company combines several existing shares into fewer (but higher-priced) shares...Dec 11, 2022 ... The fee-free Schwab basic robo is the winner if you have over $5,000 to invest for the Intelligent Portfolios. For the Premium, smaller accounts ...Log in to Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and access a personalized investment plan, low-cost ETFs, automated rebalancing, and tax-loss harvesting.Jennifer Aniston, the beloved actress and style icon, is not only known for her impressive acting career and timeless beauty but also for her stunning real estate portfolio. One of...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is the digital wealth advisor arm created by SF-based money management giant Charles Schwab in 2015. Notable in all of Schwab’s automated offerings is the firm’s $0 account management fee, compared to what most of the competition charges: 0.25% of assets under management or higher.About. Charles Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is part of the Investment companies test program at Consumer Reports. In our lab tests, Investment Companies models like the Charles Schwab Intelligent ...As the robo-advisor service of the investor-friendly Charles Schwab, Schwab Intelligent Portfolios brings a robust and feature-packed offering all for an affordable …Jan 3, 2024 · Choosing Between Them: If you prioritize cost-effectiveness and a wide array of ETF options, Schwab Intelligent Portfolio might be your pick. However, be mindful of potential operating expenses tied to the ETFs used. On the other hand, if you’re drawn to Fidelity’s proprietary Flex Funds and seek a platform with no fees for smaller balances ... Schwab Intelligent Portfolios provides diversified portfolios composed of low-cost exchange-traded funds (ETFs), handpicked by Charles Schwab Investment Advisors. These investment experts use their professional insight to pare down more than 2,000 ETFs to 53 from across 20+ expanded asset classes.Nov 14, 2021 · Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is a fully-digital robo-advisory service that manages portfolios based on your stated goals, risk tolerance, and other factors such as your age and retirement date. It is designed to walk investors through building a portfolio and investing regularly to hit their financial goals. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios also has a good reputation and the same level of account security as Wealthfront. Users are also insured for $500,000 by the SIPC, and all cash held with Schwab is insured for up to $250,000 by the FDIC. 🏆 Winner – Wealthfront.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios offers around-the-clock customer service. If you have a question about your account, a Schwab investment professional is available 24/7. 855-694-5208.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios robo-advisors offer diversified digital investment portfolios, managed for zero or low fees. The basic model provides free investment management fee. While the Premium service costs $30 per month (with a $300 one-time setup fee) and provides unlimited access to CFP financial advisors.Learn about the features, benefits and costs of Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, a robo-advisor service that offers automated investing and financial planning. Find answers to … The portfolios also include a cash allocation to FDIC-insured Deposit Accounts at Charles Schwab Bank, SSB ("Schwab Bank"). Schwab Bank earns income on these deposits, and earns more the larger the cash allocation. The lower the interest rate Schwab Bank pays on the cash, the lower the yield. Some cash alternatives outside of Schwab Intelligent ... Discover how Institutional Intelligent Portfolios can help you offer automated investment management to your clients with Schwab Brokerage.The subsidiaries agreed to pay $187 million to harmed clients to settle the charges. According to the SEC’s order, from March 2015 through November 2018, Schwab’s mandated disclosures for its robo-adviser product, Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, stated that the amount of cash in the robo-adviser portfolios was determined through a ...Login - Schwab Intelligent Portfolios | Charles Schwab.For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium, there is an initial planning fee of $300 upon enrollment and a $30-per-month advisory fee charged on a quarterly basis as detailed in the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions disclosure brochures. Investors in Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium (collectively ...Feb 13, 2020 ... MY EXACT Dividend Stock Portfolio -- See it in M1 Finance! || https://m1.finance/k8qmCoo7rDQu What exactly are Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios – Schwab’s automated investing service that builds, monitors, and automatically rebalances a portfolio of low-cost exchange traded funds and a cash component.Intelligent Portfolios are automated investment portfolios created by Kriptomat's advanced algorithms. These portfolios are designed to optimize your cryptocurrency investments by selecting a mix of digital assets from a wide range of options. The main features of Intelligent Portfolios include:Schwab Intelligent Portfolios & Q2 2022 Market Performance¹. Volume 90% 00:00. Read Transcript. Key Points. Market volatility increased in Q2, with the S&P 500® Index …Please read the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions™ disclosure brochures for important information, pricing, and disclosures related to the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium programs. (0920-06PW)Feb 8, 2024 · Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is ideal for cost-conscious investors who meet the $5,000 minimum investment threshold. If you fall into this category, you can significantly benefit from the savings of completely avoiding a management fee. There’s also a lot to say for investing with an established firm like Charles Schwab. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios requires a $5,000 minimum deposit for opening an account, so it is better suited for investors that have these funds available to invest. Schwab also offers a great strategy for managing retirement withdrawals, with its free add-on service, Schwab Intelligent Income.Mar 22, 2015 ... Despite its name, SIPs isn't actually that intelligent. It offers one service: to “build, monitor and rebalance your portfolio,” and it doesn't ... Log in to Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and access a personalized investment plan, low-cost ETFs, automated rebalancing, and tax-loss harvesting. For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, Q1 brought a second-consecutive quarter of positive returns. Growth portfolios saw strong gains and were the top performers as stocks delivered solid returns for the quarter despite the volatility. Moderate portfolios saw moderate gains due to their balanced mix of stocks and bonds.As always, our U.S.-based service team is available 24/7 if you need help. Give us a call at 855-694-5208. Please read the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions™ disclosure brochures for important information, pricing, and disclosures related to the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium programs. …Wish you could build a stock portfolio with as much skill as Warren Buffett? You’re not alone. In the 1950s, Buffett started with just $10,000 in seed money, which he’s since trans...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios offers three types of IRAs: traditional, Roth and rollover. Here's how they differ: Traditional : With a traditional IRA, you won't pay taxes on investment earnings until you make withdrawals, and you may get immediate tax benefits if your income is below a certain level. 1 Someone who anticipates being in a lower ...Apr 18, 2023 · For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, Q1 brought a second-consecutive quarter of positive returns. Growth portfolios saw strong gains and were the top performers as stocks delivered solid returns for the quarter despite the volatility. Moderate portfolios saw moderate gains due to their balanced mix of stocks and bonds. For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, Q1 brought a second-consecutive quarter of positive returns. Growth portfolios saw strong gains and were the top performers as stocks delivered solid returns for the quarter despite the volatility. Moderate portfolios saw moderate gains due to their balanced mix of stocks and bonds.Schwab intelligent portfolio. Just my 2cents but I got one of these intelligent portfolios to compare with my own investments and it’s GARABAGE! For two years in a row, including me making two additional contributions to the original 5k, it still at a 10% loss over the last two years. You’d think an intelligent portfolio would protect you ...I max out my Roth and contribute ~$500/month to my taxable account. I've got about 10% gain in that time. My portfolio (the second most aggressive they offer) is as follows: 84.5% Stocks. 5% Fixed Income. 3.25% Commodities. 7.25% Cash. If anyone has any questions about the Intelligent Portfolios I'd be happy to answer them. 3.Intelligent Portfolios บริการบริหารพอร์ตการลงทุนอัจฉริยะด้านเทคโนโลยีผสานกับ ...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ® introduces Goal Tracker to help you project hypothetical performance for your portfolio and monitor whether your goal is "on target" towards achieving a savings or income goal. The Goal Tracker uses long-term expected return estimates and simulations to show a better, average, or worse outcome to help you ...This week, financial services giant Charles Schwab launched Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, a one-stop asset allocation service comprised of exchange-traded funds, or ETFs. Schwab's online robo ...Investment Philosophy. Investing with Schwab Intelligent Portfolios requires you to put full confidence in it to smartly manage your funds. First, understand that Charles Schwab is a registered investment advisor with the SEC.This mandates the firm, its representatives, and any investment management/advice software to act as a fiduciary at …Schwab Intelligent Portfolios are designed to be low cost and range in weighted average annual ETF Operating Expense Ratios (OERs) at the portfolio level from 0.02% to 0.19%. Since Schwab Intelligent Portfolios charges no advisory fees, trading commissions or account service fees, considering OERs are an important part of keeping costs low for ...Portfolios gather information about a students own thoughts on their progress and provides them with an online platform to collect course work as well as general data related to a ...For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium, there is an initial planning fee of $300 upon enrollment and a $30-per-month advisory fee charged on a quarterly basis as detailed in the Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions disclosure brochures. Investors in Schwab Intelligent Portfolios and Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Premium (collectively ... The portfolios also include a cash allocation to FDIC-insured Deposit Accounts at Charles Schwab Bank, SSB ("Schwab Bank"). Schwab Bank earns income on these deposits, and earns more the larger the cash allocation. The lower the interest rate Schwab Bank pays on the cash, the lower the yield. Some cash alternatives outside of Schwab Intelligent ... For Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, Q2 brought a third-consecutive quarter of positive returns for most portfolios. Growth portfolios were the top performers as stocks delivered strong gains for the quarter. Moderate portfolios saw moderate gains due to their balanced mix of stocks and bonds. Asset allocation. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios can help you figure out the right assets to align with your investing goals. 3. Diversify your portfolio. Get a diversified ETF portfolio—across up to 20 asset classes—that's appropriate for your stated goals, risk profile and time horizon. 4. Rebalance periodically. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios could be a great choice for investors evaluating robo-advisors on price alone. The basic account charges no annual management fee, and there’s a decently priced...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios® Compare more features Compare the five top scoring robo-advisors by fee, customer service, financial advisor access and tax strategy.In today’s digital age, having a strong online presence is crucial for professionals in all industries. Whether you’re a photographer, designer, writer, or any other creative indiv...Schwab Intelligent Portfolios are designed to be low cost and range in weighted average annual ETF Operating Expense Ratios (OERs) at the portfolio level from 0.02% to 0.19%. Since Schwab Intelligent Portfolios charges no advisory fees, trading commissions or account service fees, considering OERs are an important part of keeping costs low for ...Volume 90%. 00:00. 00:00. Read Transcript. Use Schwab Portfolio Checkup to assess your portfolio performance and align investment strategy with your goals. Schwab Portfolio Checkup. Read PDF: How to use Schwab Portfolio Checkup.

Cash was the top performer during the period, underscoring its role as a defensive asset class designed to provide ballast in turbulent times. Figure 1: Market performance (ranked by Q2 2022 total return) Source: Morningstar Direct, as of June 30, 2022. Performance figures shown are total returns for each asset class during the designated period. . Wonderbags mushrooms

intelligent portfolios

And Conservative portfolios saw solid gains in Q4, though they also saw sizable declines for the year due to the unprecedented pressure on bonds in 2022. While returns for 2022 were negative across the risk spectrum during an exceptionally volatile year, diversification within Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, which includes fundamental …Asset allocation. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios can help you figure out the right assets to align with your investing goals. 3. Diversify your portfolio. Get a diversified ETF portfolio—across up to 20 asset classes—that's appropriate for your stated goals, risk profile and time horizon. 4. Rebalance periodically.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ®, our custom-built robo advisor, is a simple and smart way to invest. Want to know more? Read How Automated Investing Works to uncover the principles and processes that power Schwab Intelligent Portfolios. Yes, send me in-depth information about Schwab Intelligent Portfolios.Schwab Intelligent Portfolios are designed to be low cost and range in weighted average overall ETF OERs at the portfolio level from 0.02% to 0.19%. These selection criteria help pare down more than 3,000 ETFs to the 51 included in the program that could potentially be part of your Schwab Intelligent Portfolios account.Heading into the final quarter of the year, market volatility is likely to remain elevated amid the fiscal and economic uncertainties. Through its combination of people and technology, Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is designed to help you navigate these uncertainties as you work toward your financial goals—through low costs, broad …Schwab Intelligent Portfolios robo-advisors offer diversified digital investment portfolios, managed for zero or low fees. The basic model provides free investment management fee. While the Premium service costs $30 per month (with a $300 one-time setup fee) and provides unlimited access to CFP financial advisors.According to the SEC’s order, Schwab’s mandated disclosures for Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, or SIP, from March 2015 through November 2018 stated that the amount of cash in robo-advisor ...Mar 09, 2015. Schwab tossed a big bone to robo-advisor watchers with the recent publication of " About Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ." This guideline to Schwab's asset allocation and ETF ...Before we try to engineer AI, we need to better understand intelligence and cognition. As an artificial intelligence researcher, I often come across the idea that many people are a...The account minimum for a Schwab Intelligent Portfolio is $5,000. There are no advisory fees, commissions, or account service fees associated with holding a Schwab Intelligent Portfolio. Typically, robo-advisors do not charge account service fees or trading commissions. However, most charge an advisory fee, which is generally calculated as a ...In today’s fast-paced and ever-changing world, it is important to stay on top of your finances. One effective way to do this is by using a portfolio tracker. The first factor to co...Description. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios offers you a choice among three investment strategies: Global, U.S. Focused and Income Focused. Each strategy helps provide access to a well-diversified portfolio of stocks, fixed income, commodities and cash based on your investment goal, time horizon and comfort level with risk.Alternatives to Schwab Intelligent Portfolios. Schwab Intelligent Portfolios is a solid robo-advisor, offering free portfolio management, round-the-clock customer service and a sweeping selection of investment accounts. But no platform is one-size-fits-all, and Charles Schwab may not be right for you. For example: Schwab Intelligent Portfolios ...By enrolling in Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions, clients consent to having the free credit balances in their Schwab Intelligent Portfolios Solutions brokerage accounts swept to FDIC-insured Deposit Accounts at Charles Schwab Bank, SSB through the Sweep Program. Funds deposited at Charles Schwab Bank are insured, in …The portfolio asset allocations are built to reflect a client’s goals and risk tolerance while factoring in market changes and client preferences for loss aversion and income. The funds for Schwab Intelligent Portfolios are selected based on objective criteria, with a focus on high quality and low costs. We look at the entire universe of ETFs ...Volume 90%. 00:00. 00:00. Read Transcript. Use Schwab Portfolio Checkup to assess your portfolio performance and align investment strategy with your goals. Schwab Portfolio Checkup. Read PDF: How to use Schwab Portfolio Checkup.Portfolios gather information about a students own thoughts on their progress and provides them with an online platform to collect course work as well as general data related to a ...The subsidiaries agreed to pay $187 million to harmed clients to settle the charges. According to the SEC’s order, from March 2015 through November 2018, Schwab’s mandated disclosures for its robo-adviser product, Schwab Intelligent Portfolios, stated that the amount of cash in the robo-adviser portfolios was determined through a ....

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